Saturday, January 21, 2012

Chemists unlock potential target for drug development

ScienceDaily (Jan. 19, 2012) ? A receptor found on blood platelets whose importance as a potential pharmaceutical target has long been questioned may in fact be fruitful in drug testing, according to new research from Michigan State University chemists.

A team led by Dana Spence of MSU's Department of Chemistry has revealed a way to isolate and test the receptor known as P2X1. By creating a new, simple method to study it after blood is drawn, the team has unlocked a potential new drug target for many diseases that impact red blood cells, such as diabetes, hypertension and cystic fibrosis.

Researchers can evaluate the receptor not only in developing new drugs but also re-testing existing medications that could work now by attaching to the receptor.

"Scientists are always looking for new 'druggable' receptors in the human body," Spence said. "This receptor, P2X1, has long been viewed as not important in platelets; our studies show that is not necessarily true. The receptor is very active; you just need to be careful in working with it."

The research is published in the current issue of Analytical Methods, a journal from the Royal Society of Chemistry in London.

The main job of platelets is to help prevent bleeding via clotting, Spence said. They work by getting sticky in the bloodstream, but the problem with some diseases such as diabetes or sickle-cell anemia is that the platelets get sticky even when they shouldn't, preventing proper blood flow and blocking vessels.

Platelets are activated when their receptors are "turned on"; currently, researchers have always focused on the P2Y receptor, which is easily studied. On the other hand, the P2X1 receptor was not thought to play a major role in platelet activation, and it proved very troublesome to study since it became desensitized once blood is drawn from the body, Spence said.

Though scientists tried a pair of methods to get around that issue -- by using different additives or enzymes -- the results did not prove fruitful in studying the receptor.

What Spence and his team found is that by adding a simple molecule called NF449 -- originally thought to block the receptor -- they were able to activate the P2X1 receptor in platelets after a blood draw.

"We have discovered a way to prepare and handle platelets so that we can study the receptor authentically," he said. "This research opens up new avenues of study and will allow researchers and pharmaceutical companies to re-appraise this receptor as a druggable target."

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Michigan State University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Kari B. Anderson, Welivitiya Karunarathne, Dana M. Spence. Measuring P2X1 receptor activity in washed platelets in the absence of exogenous apyrase. Analytical Methods, 2012; 4 (1): 101 DOI: 10.1039/C1AY05530E

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/plWBzKcG4fk/120119133928.htm

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Friday, January 20, 2012

Google Breaks Down SOPA Opposition By The Numbers

As you probably already know, a number of websites have gone silent today in protest of the Stop Online Piracy Act currently being considered by Congress and the Senate's similarly controversial Protect IP Act. And while Google, which has previously voiced its opposition to both pieces of legislation, didn't shut down for the day, it is making its feelings known to the public.

In addition to slapping a black bar over the Google logo on its homepage, the Internet titan has posted the above infographic to show the vast number and variety of people who have come out against SOPA and PIPA.

Since the text is more than a bit hard to read at this size, we've summarized the info below ? or you can either click here to see the full-size PDF. You can also add your name to the petition there and read more about the two bills.

Here are the numbers Google has for opponents to SOPA and PIPA:
1 ? Vint Cerf, one of the founding fathers of the Internet, opposed SOPA in an open letter to Congress.

5 ? Internet security experts (Steve Crocker, David Dagon, Dan Kaminsky, Danny McPherson, Paul Vixie) issued a white paper raising serious concerns about the technical approach of PIPA.

9 ? Internet and technology companies (including AOL, eBay, Google, Facebook, Twitter, Firefox, LinkedIn, Zynga) sent an open letter opposing the bills and the risks posed to innovation and job creation.

17 ? Internet company founders (including Arianna Huffington, Craig Newmark, Jimmy Wales and Sergey Brin) sent an open letter opposing SOPA and PIPA.

39 ? Advocacy and public interest organizations (including the ACLU, MoveOn and Consumers Union) voiced their opposition.

41 ? Human organizations, including the Center for Media Justice and Reporters Without Borders, sent a letter to express concern for the bills' civil and human rights implications.

55 ? Leading venture capitalists issued a letter expressing concerns that PIPA "would stifle investment in Internet services, throttle innovation and hurt American competitiveness."

110 ? Law professors sent a letter expressing "serious constitutional, innovation, and foreign policy concerns."

204 ? Entrepreneurs sent a letter expressing concern that PIPA and SOPA would "hurt economic growth and chill innovation."

113,000+ ? People have petitioned the White House to oppose SOPA and PIPA. The White House issued a commitment to "not support legislation that reduces freedom of expression, increases cybersecurity risk, or undermines the dynamic, innovative, global Internet."

887,000+ ? members of the American public called Congress to voice their opposition through AmericanCensorship.org.

3,000,000+ ? Americans voice their opposition by signing petitions.

Source: http://consumerist.com/2012/01/google-breaks-down-sopa-opposition-by-the-numbers.html

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The Engadget Podcast is live tonight at 5PM!

The calm after the storm? No sir. CES may be over, but the tech news is still flowing like sweet, sweet strawberry wine. Tim and Darren are both in town for that little Apple event that unfolded earlier today, so they'll be doing a live, in-studio throw down with Brian, Engadget Podcast-style. Follow along in the chat, after the jump.

Continue reading The Engadget Podcast is live tonight at 5PM!

The Engadget Podcast is live tonight at 5PM! originally appeared on Engadget on Thu, 19 Jan 2012 16:30:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/fDOcsoE9YNw/

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Thursday, January 19, 2012

Colo. court weighs energy leases near Utah parks (AP)

DENVER ? A federal appeals court in Denver is considering the Obama administration's decision to cancel Bush-era oil and gas leases near national parks in Utah.

The case before the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals Thursday involves leases near Arches and Canyonlands national parks and Dinosaur National Monument that were auctioned off in the final month of the President George W. Bush's administration. Interior Secretary Ken Salazar later canceled the leases and energy companies challenged his decision in court.

An environmental activist joined the auction and drove up prices with his bidding in what he said was an act of civil disobedience. Tim DeChristopher didn't have the $1.7 million to pay for the leases he won and was convicted and sentenced to two years in prison.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/obama/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120119/ap_on_re_us/us_national_parks_drilling

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Ron Paul Gains Major Endorsements You Haven't Heard About (ContributorNetwork)

COMMENTARY | This election cycle there has been a lot of talk about mainstream news media bias. The main focus of outrage regarding this bias has been the lack of relevant coverage for Texas congressman and presidential hopeful Ron Paul. Now in the thick of the Republican presidential primaries, we've been hearing on a daily basis about these "major" endorsements coming in for every candidate still in the hunt for the nomination. Well, that is, except for Ron Paul.

It would almost seem as if no one is interested in endorsing Dr. Paul. If they are the media sure doesn't seem to know about it, and if they aren't reporting on it like they seem to do with every slightest mention of former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney, then it must not have happened right? It appears that's just not the case. In fact there have been pretty significant endorsements that have been made recently in support of Paul.

State Senator Tom Davis of South Carolina elaborates on his endorsement of Dr. Ron Paul for President, "If you believe in the founding principle of this country, and you read Ron Paul's book, and you look at his voting record, there is only one candidate that you can vote for, there is only one candidate that does stand for individual liberty and limited government and that's Dr. Paul. Right now is the time to stand up for him. He needs our help in South Carolina. We can win this primary."

Senator Davis is considered among the biggest endorsements one could acquire in South Carolina. Many of the candidates had previously been vying for the backing of the Senator. One of those candidates was Rick Santorum who recently spoke about how big an endorsement from Senator Davis would be for his campaign to The Island Packet, "to get an endorsement from someone like Tom Davis is a big deal. It would speak volumes to folks and make them take notice and give us a look."

In the Christian Newswire last week the Evangelical leader Dr. James Linzey, the president and founder of the Military Bible Association, also endorsed Paul, saying in a statement to him, "Having thoroughly examined your political philosophy and finding that your platform is 100% in line with the Constitution of the United States of America, and examining your political record to find that you have consistently upheld the Constitution and thereby faithfully represented your constituency, and studying your statement of faith to find that your faith and religious experience is 100% compatible with Evangelical Christianity and Orthodox Christianity, I hereby endorse you for the Office of the President of the United States of America. I wish you Godspeed!"

Dr. Linzey later explained more of his endorsement in the Christian Newswire by saying, "Among the six remaining GOP hopefuls, two are evangelical -- Ron Paul and Rick Perry. But the telltale sign of being qualified for the presidency is not faith, but loyalty to the Constitution which defends the open expression of faith. Paul seems to be the candidate most loyal to the Constitution according to the records. So when other evangelical leaders endorse GOP contenders of other faiths and traditions, some of whom have received funds from special interest groups, and are not as loyal to the Constitution as is Dr. Paul, one must necessarily ask, 'What is their agenda?' because they certainly are not endorsing the most qualified nor the most evangelical. If evangelicals wish to make faith an issue, then they should take a closer look at Dr. Paul's statement on his web site, 'Let me be very clear here: I have accepted Jesus Christ as my personal Savior, and I endeavor every day to follow Him in all I do and in every position I advocate.'"

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/uscongress/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20120117/us_ac/10840705_ron_paul_gains_major_endorsements_you_havent_heard_about

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Wednesday, January 18, 2012

Mark Zuckerberg Posts Against SOPA, Suddenly Remembers Twitter Account

mark zuckerbergFacebook may not be opposing the Stop Online Piracy Act and the Protect IP Act as prominently as some other websites ? it's not blacking out the site today, or even posting an anti-SOPA/PIPA message on its homepage ? but CEO Mark Zuckerberg spoke out against the legislation in a post on his Facebook account.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/XmhgrbxhnKY/

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